A software framework is a universal, reusable software environment that provides a foundation on which software developers build programs for a specific platform. It includes a collection of software libraries and serves to simplify the complexities of coding. A software framework helps to standardize the process, allowing developers to focus on the unique features of their applications instead of the low-level details. Frameworks come in various types, catering to different needs and problem domains, such as scientific computing, PHP development, and more. They are known for their extensibility, allowing for customization without altering the core code. However, they can also introduce challenges like code bloat and a steep learning curve. Despite these drawbacks, software frameworks remain essential tools for efficient and effective software development[1].
In programação informática, a software framework é um abstraction in which software, providing generic functionality, can be selectively changed by additional user-written code, thus providing application-specific software. It provides a standard way to build and deploy applications and is a universal, reusable software environment that provides particular functionality as part of a larger software platform to facilitate the development of software applications, products and solutions.
Software frameworks may include support programs, compilers, code libraries, toolsets, and application programming interfaces (APIs) that bring together all the different components to enable development of a project ou system.
Frameworks have key distinguishing features that separate them from normal libraries:
- inversion of control: In a framework, unlike in libraries or in standard user applications, the overall program's flow of control is not dictated by the caller, but by the framework. This is usually achieved with the Template Method Pattern.
- default behaviour: This can be provided with the invariant methods of the Template Method Pattern in an abstract class which is provided by the framework.
- extensibility: A user can extend the framework–usually by selective overriding–or programmers can add specialized user code to provide specific functionality. This is usually achieved by a hook method in a subclass that overrides a template method in the superclass.
- non-modifiable framework code: The framework code, in general, is not supposed to be modified, while accepting user-implemented extensions. In other words, users can extend the framework, but cannot modify its code.
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