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Media Studies is a multidisciplinary field of study that examines the systems, content, history, and effects of various media. This field includes the analysis of both traditional meios de comunicação social^[2] like televisão^[3] and print, as well as new forms of digital and redes sociais^[1]. The pioneers of this field include John Culkin, Marshall McLuhan, and Harold Innis, who laid the foundational theories and principles. Culkin was instrumental in introducing media studies into educational programs, while McLuhan proposed seminal concepts such as “the medium is the message”. Innis, on the other hand, connected media technologies with the rise and fall of civilizations. Media studies also encompasses various perspectives, theories, and contributions from different countries and scholars. These include the cultural emphasis in the UK, social media focus in the US, and notable German scholars such as Hans-Theis Lehmann. Globally, many universities offer programs in media studies, reflecting its importance and relevance in understanding contemporary society and culture.

Definições de termos

1. ↑ redes sociais. Os meios de comunicação social são um termo abrangente que engloba uma variedade de ferramentas e plataformas digitais que facilitam a partilha de informações e a criação de comunidades virtuais. Surgindo dos primeiros sistemas, como o PLATO e a ARPANET, evoluíram para plataformas modernas como o Facebook e o Twitter. Estas plataformas oferecem características únicas que as diferenciam dos meios de comunicação tradicionais, incluindo a possibilidade de os utilizadores gerarem conteúdos e participarem em comunicações dialógicas. Atendem a mais de 100 milhões de utilizadores em todo o mundo e oferecem diferentes formas de serviços, como aplicações de mensagens e plataformas de criação de conteúdos em colaboração. A utilização das redes sociais tem impactos de grande alcance nos indivíduos, na sociedade e nas empresas, influenciando tudo, desde as práticas de marketing aos processos políticos. No entanto, está também associada a preocupações éticas, como a disseminação de desinformação e a potencial dependência.

2. ↑ meios de comunicação social. Mass media refers to various forms of communication that reach a large audience simultaneously. This includes traditional forms like print media (books, newspapers, magazines), recordings, cinema, radio, and television, as well as modern digital platforms like the internet and mobile phones. Each form of mass media uses unique content types and utilizes specific business models, creative artists, and technicians for production and distribution. It's worth noting that there's ongoing debate about whether video games should be considered a form of mass media. Mass media is characterized by its one-to-many communication model, allowing for broad dissemination of information or products. A key distinction of mass media is that it separates the production and reception of information, reaching audiences who are often distant in time and space from the producers.

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Estudos dos media (Wikipédia)

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Estudos dos media é um discipline and field of study that deals with the content, history, and effects of various meios de comunicação; in particular, the meios de comunicação social. Media Studies may draw on traditions from both the social sciences and the humanities, but mostly from its core disciplines of mass communication, communication, communication sciencese communication studies.

Researchers may also develop and employ theories and methods from disciplines including cultural studies, rhetoric (including digital rhetoric), filosofia, literary theory, psychology, political science, political economy, economics, sociology, anthropology, social theory, art history e criticism, film theorye information theory.

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