Proprietário de meios de comunicação social

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A media proprietor is a person or entity that owns and controls media outlets such as newspapers, radio stations, televisão[1] networks, film studios, and online platforms. They emerged during the 19th century with the rise of mass-circulation newspapers and expanded their reach in the 20th century. The term ‘press baron’ evolved into ‘media baron’ and ‘media mogul’ to reflect this change. Media proprietors often assert editorial independence and claim unbiased reporting. However, concerns have been raised about the impact of concentrated ownership on editorial freedom, media content, and public opinion. They play a significant role in shaping public discourse[2] and political agendas, thereby reflecting or challenging societal norms and values. The influence of media proprietors extends to social networking services like Facebook[3], which are increasingly considered media companies.

Definições de termos
1. televisão. A televisão é uma tecnologia que transmite imagens visuais e sonoras. O termo vem do grego antigo e do latim, significando "visão distante". Utilizado pela primeira vez em 1900 por Constantin Perskyi, era conhecido como "telephote" e "televista" nas primeiras propostas. A televisão evoluiu a partir da digitalização mecânica de imagens, tendo o disco de Nipkow, patenteado em 1884, desempenhado um papel crucial. Inicialmente, os sinais de televisão eram transmitidos através de radiodifusão terrestre, mas atualmente incluem o cabo coaxial, a fibra ótica, os sistemas de satélite e a Internet. Os aparelhos de televisão têm circuitos electrónicos internos, incluindo um sintonizador para receber os sinais. Sem um sintonizador, trata-se de um monitor de vídeo. A radiodifusão a cores foi introduzida em meados da década de 1960 e, atualmente, existem televisores inteligentes com ligação à Internet. Atualmente, 79% dos lares em todo o mundo possuem um televisor e os principais fabricantes produzem televisores inteligentes.
2. discourse. Discourse, the primary subject of this text, is a term used in social sciences to describe formal discussions or debates on a specific topic. It encompasses the language expressions, conversations, and written texts that shape our understanding of societal structures. Discourse is deeply linked to power dynamics and plays a significant role in shaping reality. There are several theoretical frameworks that shed light on discourse, including modernism, structuralism, poststructuralism, and Foucault's discourse theory. Different types of discourse analysis, such as critical, conversation, and Foucauldian discourse analysis, help us understand communication patterns and societal structures. The study of discourse has wide applications across various fields including sociology, environmental policy, and cultural studies, and has profound implications on gendered discourses and societal norms. Renowned scholars like James P. Gee, Robert Stalnaker, and Peter Pagin have contributed significantly to discourse analysis. Discourse research is highly relevant in social sciences and informs our understanding of language, identity, and power structures.

A media proprietor, also called a media executive, media mogul ou media tycoon, is an entrepreneur who controls any means of public or commercial meios de comunicação social, through the personal ownership or holding of a dominant position within a media conglomerate or enterprise. Those with significant control of a large meios de comunicação-based forum may also be called a business magnate. Since the advent of redes sociais, influencers and entertainers who have garnered large followings on platforms have also been considered media proprietors.

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