Lista de comunidades virtuais com mais de 1 milhão de utilizadores

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This text primarily focuses on the concept of ‘Virtual Communities’. A virtual community[1] refers to a social network[2] of individuals who interact through specific redes sociais[3] platforms, primarily on the internet[5], rather than face to face, and enable wider, more diverse, and dispersed communication networks to form. These communities can be categorized based on various factors like interests, education, and region. These platforms often have a global reach, with some boasting more than a billion users, such as Facebook[4]. Besides social networking, virtual communities also exist for educational purposes, like Edmodo, or based on specific interests like Flixster for movie enthusiasts. Certain platforms are region-specific, popular mostly in certain countries or regions. The interaction in these communities may be for various purposes, but they’re built and sustained by a common interest or goal.

Definições de termos
1. virtual community. A virtual community is an online space where individuals come together to interact, share information, and form connections. These communities, which emerged in the mid-1990s, can take various forms such as internet message boards, online chat rooms, virtual worlds, social network services, and specialized information communities. They offer a platform for real-time communication, knowledge exchange, and social interaction. The design, usability, and user experience of these virtual communities are crucial for their success, often evaluated using metrics like speed of learning, productivity, and user satisfaction. While they present opportunities for support, civic engagement, and diverse identity expressions, challenges like anonymity, cyberbullying, misinformation, and underrepresentation persist. Research in this field explores various aspects, including engagement, sociality, online health communities, and the impact of technology on identity politics.
2. social network.
1 A social network, as the term suggests, is a system that connects various individuals or organizations, also known as social actors. It's not just about online platforms like Facebook or Twitter, but about the intricate web of connections between these actors. The relationships, known as dyadic ties, allow for interaction and communication. By studying these networks, we can identify patterns and understand how influence works within the group. The field of social network analysis has roots in several areas such as social psychology, sociology, statistics, and graph theory. It's an evolving interdisciplinary field that uses various methods to analyze these social structures and provides theoretical explanations for the observed patterns. Key figures like Georg Simmel and Jacob Moreno have made significant contributions to this field.
2 A social network is a structure made up of individuals or organizations, known as actors, and the relationships or connections between them, referred to as ties. It is a field deeply rooted in disciplines such as sociology, psychology, statistics, and graph theory. The analysis of these networks, known as Social Network Analysis, involves identifying patterns, pinpointing influential entities, and studying how these networks evolve over time. It uses a variety of methodologies to study these structures. The development of this field has been significantly influenced by figures like Georg Simmel and Jacob Moreno, who made significant contributions to social network theories and methods. The study of social networks is interdisciplinary in nature, employing diverse methods to analyze network dynamics and patterns.

This is a list of notable active virtual communities with more than 1 million registered members.

NameDescription or focusDate launchedRegistered usersRegistoGlobal Alexa page ranking
AvaazGlobal community and political activism200769000000OpenN/A
BlackPlanetBlack Americans199920000000Open7193
BlindEmployees20132000000Open with verified work email43680
BlueskyMicroblogging202434000000Open to people 13 and olderN/A
BusuuLanguage learning community (headquartered in Madrid, Spain)200812000000[citation needed]Open8049
BuzznetMusic and pop-culture200510000000Open6955
CafeMomMothers20061250000Open to moms and moms-to-be1293
Care2Green living, social activism, animal rights19989961947Open1930
CaringBridgeNot for profit providing free websites that connect family and friends during a serious health event, care and recovery.19979500000Open to people 18 and older4279
Classmates.comSchool, college, work and the military199550000000Open to people 18 and older3284
CouchSurfingWorldwide network for making connections between travelers and the communities they visit200318000000Open2231
CyworldGeneral, popular in South Korea199924000000Open1616
DeviantArtArt community200022000000Open to people 13 and older131
DuolingoLanguage learning community and forums2011[citation needed]500000000Open to all ages. Forums open to people 13 and older547
Draugiem.lvGeneral (primarily Latvia, Lithuania, and Hungary)20042600466Invitation only2698
DoubanChinese Web 2.0 website providing user review and recommendation services for movies, books, and music200546850000Open106
DXY.cnChinese online community for physicians, health care professionals, pharmacies and facilities2000[citation needed]2000000Open8367
English, baby!Students and teachers of English as a second language20001600000Open29585
FacebookGeneral20042800000000Open to people 13 and older3
FetlifePeople who are into BDSM200811000000Open to people "of legal age to see adult content"4131
FishbrainMobile social network, fishing20102200000Open436164
FlickrPhoto sharing, commenting, photography related networking, worldwide2004114000000Open48
FotkiPhoto sharing, video hosting, photo contests, journals, forums, flexible privacy protection, friend's feed, audio comments and unlimited custom design integration19981632565Open8011
FoursquareLocation-based mobile social network200920000000Open817
Gaia OnlineAnime and games, popular in the US, Canada and Europe, and moderately popular in Asia200323523663Open to people 13 and older6277
Geni.comFamilies, genealogy200715000000Open5958
GoodreadsLibrary cataloging, book lovers200690000000Open327
GrabCADGrabCAD Community is the largest online CAD library, design and 3D printing tutorials, and a network of additive professionals200911000000OpenN/A
HabboGeneral for teens. Over 31 communities worldwide. Chat room and user profiles.2000268000000Open to people 13 and older15255
HERSapphic community app for queer women, non-binary and trans people. Community groups, online events and IRL events. 114 countries. 15 million users.201515000000Open to people 18 and over1230
hi5General, popular in Nepal, Mongolia, Thailand, Romania, Jamaica, Central Africa, Portugal e Latin America200380000000Open to people 13 and older902
InstagramGeneral20102000000000Open38[citation needed]
KiwiboxGeneral19992400000Open to people 13 and older104563
KoboReading platform and social network200914500000Open7277
Last.fmMúsica200230000000Open772
LibraryThingBook lovers20051300000Open to people 13 and older10800
LINEJapan, Indonesia, Taiwan, and Thailand2011178000000OpenN/A
LinguaLeoOnline English language learning website, popular among the Russian-speaking diaspora20103749061Open7480
LinkedInBusiness and professional networking2003774000000Open to people 18 and older12
LiveJournalBlogging, popular in Russia and among the Russian-speaking diaspora abroad199917564977Open (OpenID)115
MastodonAn open-source, self-hosted and globally interconnected microblogging community20168700000Open, depends on the instanceN/A
mixiJapan200024323160Open232
MocoSpaceMobile community, worldwide20053000000Open to people 14 and older9882
MyHeritageFamily-oriented social network service200330000000Open3756
MyLifeLocating friends and family, keeping in touch (formerly Reunion.com)200251000000Open1765
MyspaceGeneral200330000000Open to ages 13 and older161
OdnoklassnikiConnecting with old classmates, popular in Russia and former Soviet republics200645000000Open65
Open DiaryFirst online blogging community, founded in 199819985000000Open to people 13 and older28134
RavelryKnitting and crochet20076700000Open5189
RedditSocial news, link sharing and commenting200573000000Open8
Sina WeiboSocial microblogging site in China2009300000000Open28
SoundCloudRepository of original music pieces and networking200810000000Open299
Stack OverflowQuestion and answer knowledge market site for programmers200816000000Open to people 13 and older41
SteemitBlockchain-based social networking20161300000Open5577
TaggedGeneral2004100000000Open288
TwitterGeneral, microblogging, RSS, updates2006330000000Open to all ages12
TyltedMobile social game network20073000000Open to people 14 and older737508
VkontakteGeneral, including music upload, listening and search. Popular in Russia and former Soviet republics.2006208833674Open38
Vampirefreaks.comGothic and industrial subculture19991931049Open to users 13 and over21052
ViadeoGlobal social and campus networking available in English, French, German, Spanish, Italian and Portuguese200435000000Open/lift435
XINGBusiness (primarily Europe, specifically Germany, Austria, and Switzerland)200311100000Open270
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