Online advertising

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Online Advertising[3] refers to the method of delivering promotional content to users through the internet[8]. It began in 1995, with significant developments such as the first email[12] advertising[6] in 1978, the introduction of online banner advertising in the early 1990s, and the launch of Google[9]’s AdWords in 2000. Various formats and sales[13] models are used, including floating and expanding ads, trick banners and News Feed Ads, often sold in real-time bidding[4] markets. The practice of programmatic advertising uses software to select and target ads, leveraging data from cookies and behavioral tracking to create detailed user profiles. This is complemented by Data Management Platforms, which manage first, second, and third-party data. The process of ad exchange involves ad space offers being sent to an ad exchange, where demand[10] side platforms bid on the space. Social Media Marketing[1] and Mobile Advertising[2] are also prevalent forms, with the latter experiencing significant growth due to increased mobile device[5] usage. These methods aim to increase website[11] visibility, enhance brand[14] engagement, and improve customer[7] reach.

Terms definitions
1. Social media marketing ( Social Media Marketing ) Social media marketing is a multifaceted strategy aimed at promoting a product or service through various online platforms. This marketing strategy is hinged on the utilization of social networking sites to foster interactions, build relationships, and influence consumer behavior through e-word of mouth. It involves the use of popular platforms like Instagram, Facebook, Twitter, TikTok, WhatsApp, YouTube, and Snapchat, each with unique features and user engagement strategies. For instance, TikTok's algorithm encourages creativity and virality, while YouTube offers personalized ads and a partner program. Also, businesses use the in-built analytics tools to track campaign success and customer engagement. Another key aspect is mobile media consumption, which is increasingly changing consumer purchase behavior. Lastly, social media marketing employs algorithm-driven content and influencer marketing to reach target audiences authentically and precisely.
2. Mobile advertising ( Mobile Advertising ) Mobile advertising is a specific branch of mobile marketing that involves promoting products or services using mobile devices as a medium. It's a rapidly expanding sector, with its global market worth estimated at €1 billion in 2008 and projected to reach a whopping $247 billion in 2020. This type of advertising encompasses various formats, including click-to-download, click-to-call, and click-to-message ads, image text and banner ads, and push notifications. It's often coded in HTML5 for rich media on mobile and adjusts for different handset screen sizes and supported technologies. Mobile advertising offers immediate responsiveness for advertisers and is seen as a new media channel, particularly since the inception of SMS advertising in the early 2000s. However, despite its growth, it still represents a small portion of the overall advertising industry. The sector is also known for its engagement marketing, use of behavioral data for ad customization, and raising concerns over privacy infringement.
Online advertising (Wikipedia)

Online advertising, also known as online marketing, Internet advertising, digital advertising or web advertising, is a form of marketing and advertising that uses the Internet to promote products and services to audiences and platform users. Online advertising includes email marketing, search engine marketing (SEM), social media marketing, many types of display advertising (including web banner advertising), and mobile advertising. Advertisements are increasingly being delivered via automated software systems operating across multiple websites, media services and platforms, known as programmatic advertising.

Like other advertising media, online advertising frequently involves a publisher, who integrates advertisements into its online content, and an advertiser, who provides the advertisements to be displayed on the publisher's content. Other potential participants include advertising agencies that help generate and place the ad copy, an ad server which technologically delivers the ad and tracks statistics, and advertising affiliates who do independent promotional work for the advertiser.

In 2016, Internet advertising revenues in the United States surpassed those of cable television and broadcast television. In 2017, Internet advertising revenues in the United States totaled $83.0 billion, a 14% increase over the $72.50 billion in revenues in 2016. And research estimates for 2019's online advertising spend put it at $125.2 billion in the United States, some $54.8 billion higher than the spend on television ($70.4 billion).

Many common online advertising practices are controversial and, as a result, have become increasingly subject to regulation. Many internet users also find online advertising disruptive and have increasingly turned to ad blocking for a variety of reasons. Online ad revenues also may not adequately replace other publishers' revenue streams. Declining ad revenue has led some publishers to place their content behind paywalls.

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