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Media democracy is a concept that emphasizes the role of media in promoting democratic values by disseminating information freely and widely. It stands against private ownership and stringent regulations of media systems, viewing these as detrimental to democracy. The concept stresses the importance of diverse voices and opinions in the media to avoid bias, advocating for accountability and the creation of democratic alternatives. Media democracy recognizes the internet^[5]’s role, especially social media^[3], in facilitating political discourse^[4] and participation. However, it also acknowledges the challenges posed by data surveillance, disinformation^[1], and the dominance of major corporations. It underscores the need for media literacy^[2], critical news consumption, and media reform for transparency and diversity in ownership.

Terms definitions

1. ↑ disinformation. Disinformation is a complex concept with roots tracing back to the Proto-Indo-European language family. It refers to the intentional spreading of false or misleading information, often for political or social influence. This phenomenon became widespread in the 1980s and has been a subject of extensive research to understand its origins, methods, and impacts. Disinformation is often used in deception campaigns on social media and is distinct from misinformation and malinformation. It's common in political arenas, where it can confuse citizens and discourage their engagement. Disinformation has global implications, being used by governments, NGOs, and businesses worldwide. It can undermine election security and create societal divisions. Various countermeasures have been initiated by organizations like NATO and the EU to address this issue. The study of disinformation also extends to ethical considerations and its role in warfare. Despite these efforts, disinformation remains a challenging issue due to its widespread prevalence and the difficulty in assessing its true impact.

2. ↑ media literacy. Media literacy is the ability to access, analyze, evaluate, and create media in all its forms. It involves understanding the role of media in society as well as essential skills of inquiry and self-expression necessary for citizens of a democracy. Media literacy education, provided by organizations like UNESCO, UNITWIN Cooperation Programme, UNAOC, and GAPMIL, aims to equip individuals with tools and skills to critically analyze different types of media and messages. It has a profound impact on individuals, raising awareness about manipulation, propaganda, and bias in media, while empowering citizens to contribute to public discourse and make informed decisions. The field is constantly evolving, incorporating elements of social networks, big data, and artificial intelligence. It is now a global movement with varying degrees of integration into the education systems of different regions.

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Media democracy (Wikipedia)

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Media democracy is a democratic approach to media studies that advocates for the reform of mass media to strengthen public service broadcasting and develop participation in alternative media and citizen journalism in order to create a mass media system that informs and empowers all members of society and enhances democratic values.

Media democracy is both a theory and a social movement. It is against concentration in the ownership of media, and it champions diversity of voices and perspectives within the news system.

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