Médias sociaux et identité

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Médias sociaux[2] is a digital tool that allows people to create, share, or exchange information, ideas, and pictures/videos in virtual communities and networks. It plays a crucial role in the lives of young adults by influencing their identity formation and self-presentation. Social media platforms provide a space where young adults can explore different identities and expressions, and also impact their body image perceptions. Despite the opportunities it offers for identity construction, social media use can lead to issues such as body dissatisfaction and desire to change physical features. Éducation aux médias[1], which involves understanding, applying, and sharing digital content, is considered essential to educate young adults about potential online risks and to prepare them to navigate the digital world safely. Studies are increasingly focusing on understanding the impact of social media on young adults’ identity development, self-presentation, and body image concerns.

Définitions des termes
1. Éducation aux médias ( Media literacy ) Media literacy is the ability to access, analyze, evaluate, and create media in all its forms. It involves understanding the role of media in society as well as essential skills of inquiry and self-expression necessary for citizens of a democracy. Media literacy education, provided by organizations like UNESCO, UNITWIN Cooperation Programme, UNAOC, and GAPMIL, aims to equip individuals with tools and skills to critically analyze different types of media and messages. It has a profound impact on individuals, raising awareness about manipulation, propaganda, and bias in media, while empowering citizens to contribute to public discourse and make informed decisions. The field is constantly evolving, incorporating elements of social networks, big data, and artificial intelligence. It is now a global movement with varying degrees of integration into the education systems of different regions.
2. Médias sociaux ( Médias sociaux ) Les médias sociaux sont un terme général qui englobe une variété d'outils et de plateformes numériques qui facilitent le partage d'informations et la création de communautés virtuelles. Issus des premiers systèmes comme PLATO et ARPANET, ils ont évolué vers des plateformes modernes comme Facebook et Twitter. Ces plateformes offrent des caractéristiques uniques qui les différencient des médias traditionnels, notamment la possibilité pour les utilisateurs de générer du contenu et de s'engager dans une communication dialogique. Elles accueillent plus de 100 millions d'utilisateurs dans le monde et offrent différentes formes de services, telles que des applications de messagerie et des plateformes de création de contenu collaboratif. L'utilisation des médias sociaux a des répercussions considérables sur les individus, la société et les entreprises, influençant tout, des pratiques de marketing aux processus politiques. Cependant, elle est également associée à des préoccupations éthiques, telles que la diffusion de fausses informations et la dépendance potentielle.

Social media can have both positive and negative impacts on a user's identity. Psychology and Communication scholars study the relationship between social media and identity in order to understand individual behavior, psychological impact, and social patterns. Communication within political or social groups online can result in practice application of those identities or adoption of them as a whole. Young people, defined as emerging adults in or entering college, especially shape their identities through social media.

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