Shadow banning is a practice used in online communities to silence disruptive users without alerting them to their ban. The concept dates back to the 1980s with BBS forums implementing a “twit bit” for troublesome users. The term “shadow ban” was coined by moderators on Something Awful in 2001, and by 2006, software companies like Fog Creek Software were implementing stealth banning. Platforms such as Hacker News and Reddit[4] also introduced shadow banning features. The practice has sparked controversy, particularly on platforms like Twitter[5], where accusations of shadow banning have led to allegations of censorship. Shadow banning aims to discourage problematic users and trolls by making their contributions less visible, which can lead to users leaving the platform out of frustration. It’s a contentious issue, especially among médias sociaux[3] influencers and content creators who argue it suppresses their content. This practice is often linked to concepts like internet censorship[1], deplatforming[2], and terms of service.
Bannissement de l'ombre, also called stealth banning, hellbanning, ghost banninget comment ghosting, is the practice of blocking or partially blocking a user or the user's content from some areas of an online community in such a way that the ban is not readily apparent to the user, regardless of whether the action is taken by an individual or an algorithm. For example, shadow-banned comments posted to a blog or media site web would be visible to the sender, but not to other users accessing the site.
The phrase "shadow banning" has a colloquial history and has undergone some usage evolution. It originally applied to a deceptive sort of account suspension on web forums, where a person would appear to be able to post while actually having all of their content hidden from other users. More recently, the term has come to apply to alternative measures, particularly visibility measures like delisting and downranking.
By partly concealing, or making a user's contributions invisible or less prominent to other members of the service, the hope may be that in the absence of reactions to their comments, the problematic or otherwise out-of-favour user will become bored or frustrated and leave the site, and that spammers et trolls will be discouraged to continue their unwanted behavior or create new accounts.