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A “digital native” is a term coined by John Perry Barlow and Marc Prensky to describe individuals who have grown up with digital technologie^[2] as an integral part of their lives. These people are often young, have a natural fluency with technology, and comfortably navigate the world of smartphones, médias sociaux^[1]et le Internet^[3]. However, the term has faced criticism for lacking empirical evidence and has evolved within academic literature. Alternative concepts, such as Digital Visitor and Resident, have been introduced, and the category of digital natives has been further refined into subgroups like avoiders, minimalists, and enthusiastic participants. The digital native generation is characterized by a preference for freedom, creativity, and customization, with their decisions often influenced by their peers. Their exposure to technology may lead to changes in brain physiology and thinking patterns. In education, they often favor interactive and exploratory learning methods, with a tendency towards multitasking and visual learning.

Définitions des termes

1. ↑ médias sociaux. Les médias sociaux sont un terme général qui englobe une variété d'outils et de plateformes numériques qui facilitent le partage d'informations et la création de communautés virtuelles. Issus des premiers systèmes comme PLATO et ARPANET, ils ont évolué vers des plateformes modernes comme Facebook et Twitter. Ces plateformes offrent des caractéristiques uniques qui les différencient des médias traditionnels, notamment la possibilité pour les utilisateurs de générer du contenu et de s'engager dans une communication dialogique. Elles accueillent plus de 100 millions d'utilisateurs dans le monde et offrent différentes formes de services, telles que des applications de messagerie et des plateformes de création de contenu collaboratif. L'utilisation des médias sociaux a des répercussions considérables sur les individus, la société et les entreprises, influençant tout, des pratiques de marketing aux processus politiques. Cependant, elle est également associée à des préoccupations éthiques, telles que la diffusion de fausses informations et la dépendance potentielle.

2. ↑ technologie. La technologie, dérivée des mots grecs signifiant artisanat et connaissance, est un terme général qui désigne les outils, les machines et les systèmes mis au point par l'homme pour résoudre des problèmes ou atteindre des objectifs. Née avec des outils primitifs comme les haches de pierre et la découverte du feu, la technologie a évolué de manière significative tout au long de l'histoire de l'humanité. Elle a joué un rôle déterminant à différentes époques, depuis l'invention de la roue et des systèmes d'irrigation avancés dans les civilisations anciennes jusqu'à la naissance des universités et de la presse à imprimer au cours des périodes médiévale et de la Renaissance. La révolution industrielle du XVIIIe siècle a marqué un tournant important dans la production de masse et l'innovation, donnant naissance aux technologies modernes telles que l'électricité, l'automobile et les plates-formes de communication numérique. Aujourd'hui, la technologie fait partie intégrante de divers aspects de la vie et de la société, stimulant la croissance économique et les changements sociétaux, tout en suscitant des préoccupations en matière de sécurité, de respect de la vie privée et d'incidences sur l'environnement. L'avenir de la technologie devrait apporter encore plus de progrès, avec l'essor de l'intelligence artificielle qui devrait avoir des implications significatives sur le marché du travail.

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Glossaire

Natifs du numérique (Wikipedia)

Le terme digital native describes a person who has grown up in the information age. The term "digital native" was coined by Marc Prensky, an American writer, speaker and technologist who wrote several articles referencing this subject. This term specifically applied to the generation that grew up in the "digital age," predominantly regarding individuals born after the year 1980, namely Les milléniaux, Generation Zet Generation Alpha. Individuals from these demographic cohorts can consume digital information quickly and comfortably through electronic devices and platforms such as ordinateurs, mobile phoneset médias sociaux.

Digital natives are distinguished from digital immigrants, people who grew up in a world dominated by print and television because they were born before the advent of the Internet. The digital generation grew up with increased confidence in the technology that they were encircled and engulfed in. This was thanks in part to their predecessors growing interest into a subject that was previously an unknown. Due to their upbringing, this digital generation of youth became fixated on their technologies as it became an ingrained, integral and essential way of life. Prensky concluded that due to the volume of daily interactions with technology, the digital native generation had developed a completely different way of thinking. Though the brains may not have changed physically, pathways and thinking patterns had evolved, and brains had changed to be physiologically different than those of the bygone era. Repeated exposure had helped grow and stimulate certain regions of the brain, while other unused parts of the brain were reduced in size. The terms digital native and digital immigrant are often used to describe the digital generation gap in terms of the ability of technological use among people born after 1980 and those born before. The term digital native is a highly contested concept, being considered by many education researchers as a persistent myth not founded on empirical evidence and many argue for a more nuanced approach for understanding the relationship between digital media, learning and youth.

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