Voice over IP

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Voice over Internet Protocol[1] (VoIP) is a technology[2] that enables voice communication and multimedia sessions over the internet[3], instead of traditional phone lines. It works by converting voice signals into digital data packets that are transmitted over a network. This technology uses different protocols for communication, including SIP and H.323. VoIP is adopted widely due to its cost efficiency and the ability to consolidate various communication technologies into one system. It can be delivered through private solutions, hosted services, or cloud-based systems. However, VoIP can encounter quality issues like latency and packet loss, which are addressed using Quality of Service (QoS) methods. The evolution of VoIP has also seen the rise of unified communication services and continuous optimization of call quality.

Terms definitions
1. Internet Protocol ( Internet Protocol ) The Internet Protocol (IP) is a principal technology that drives the internet. It's a set of rules that govern data transmission across a network. IP is responsible for addressing host interfaces, encapsulating data into packets called 'datagrams', and routing these datagrams across networks. It uses a specific packet format and addressing system. An integral part of its function is to source and destination IP addresses. The IP has seen multiple versions, including IPv4 and IPv6, with the latter introducing larger 128-bit addresses. The IP aims to provide 'best-effort delivery', despite being characterized as unreliable due to network infrastructure. It also plays a role in managing link capacity and data transmission, including the size of data packets. Over the years, security and development have become significant aspects of IP, with continuous efforts to address vulnerabilities and propose advancements.
2. technology. Technology, derived from the Greek words meaning craft and knowledge, is a broad term that refers to the tools, machines, and systems developed by humans to solve problems or fulfill objectives. Originating with primitive tools like stone axes and the discovery of fire, technology has evolved significantly throughout human history. It has been instrumental in different eras, from the invention of the wheel and advanced irrigation systems in ancient civilizations to the birth of universities and printing press during the medieval and Renaissance periods. The Industrial Revolution in the 18th century marked a significant shift in mass production and innovation, giving rise to modern technologies like electricity, automobiles, and digital communication platforms. Today, technology is integral to various aspects of life and society, driving economic growth and societal change, while also raising concerns about security, privacy, and environmental impacts. The future of technology is expected to bring even more advancements, with the rise of artificial intelligence predicted to have significant implications for the job market.
Voice over IP (Wikipedia)

Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP), also called IP telephony, is a method and group of technologies for voice calls for the delivery of voice communication sessions over Internet Protocol (IP) networks, such as the Internet.

The broader terms Internet telephony, broadband telephony, and broadband phone service specifically refer to the provisioning of voice and other communications services (fax, SMS, voice messaging) over the Internet, rather than via the public switched telephone network (PSTN), also known as plain old telephone service (POTS).


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