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News media is a term that encompasses various methods of disseminating news and information to the public. It all began with the circulation of written news during the Renaissance era in Europe, eventually evolving into printed news in the late 1400s. The English and American newspapers emerged in the 17th century, setting the stage for the newspaper evolution in the 18th and 19th centuries. Over time, the news media industry has expanded to include broadcasting^[1], which involves transmitting audio and video signals to large or small audiences. Today, journalism exists in many formats, including television^[2], radio, and online platforms. These developments have led to a range of news media forms, including newspapers, newsmagazines, and online journalism, each with their unique processes, features, and challenges. News media plays a crucial role in informing the public, shaping opinions, and maintaining media integrity in the face of emerging issues such as fake news^[3].

Terms definitions

1. ↑ broadcasting. Broadcasting, a key aspect in the realm of communication, has a rich and diverse history. It began with the transmission of telegraph signals over airwaves using Morse code, evolving into wireless communication and commercial radio broadcasting for news and entertainment. Broadcasting methods have advanced over the years, from central high-powered towers transmitting electromagnetic waves to receivers, to the digital age of streaming services. This influential technology plays an essential role in disseminating information and entertainment, shaping society, culture, and communication. Broadcasting encompasses various methods like radio, television, and internet streaming, and different types of services, such as public, community, and commercial. Technological advances have transformed the industry, with the internet and mobile devices making broadcasting more accessible globally.

2. ↑ television. Television is a technology that transmits visual and audio images. The term comes from Ancient Greek and Latin, meaning "far sight. First used in 1900 by Constantin Perskyi, it was known as 'telephote' and 'televista' in early proposals. Television evolved from the mechanical scanning of images, with the Nipkow disk, patented in 1884, playing a crucial role. Initially, TV signals were transmitted through terrestrial broadcasting, but now include coaxial cable, optical fiber, satellite systems, and the internet. Television sets have internal electronic circuits, including a tuner for receiving signals. Without a tuner, it's a video monitor. Color broadcasting was introduced in the mid-1960s, and now, there are smart TVs with internet connectivity. Today, 79% of households worldwide own a television, with major manufacturers producing smart TVs.

News media (Wikipedia)

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The news media or news industry are forms of mass media That focus on delivering news to the general public. These include news agencies, newspapers, news magazines, news channels etc.

Electronic news-gathering trucks and photojournalists gathered outside the Prudential Financial headquarters at Newark, United States in August 2004 following the announcement of evidence of a terrorist threat to it and to buildings in New York City.

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