A Social Network[1] Hosting Service is a platform that allows users to create and manage their own social networking sites. These services include platforms like Federated Media Publishing’s BigTent, BroadVision Clearvale, KickApps, Ning, and Wall.fm. They also encompass active social networking services such as 23snaps, Amikumu, aNobii, Are.na, and Ask.fm. Some of the most popular platforms where users can interact and connect are LinkedIn[4], MySpace[5], Pinterest[3], Snapchat[6], and Tagged. However, some social networking sites like App.net, Musical.ly, Orkut, Path, and Vine have become defunct over time. Additionally, there are other social media[2] platforms related to academic and professional networking, like Academia.edu, LinkedIn, ResearchGate, Viadeo, and XING.
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A social network hosting service is a web hosting service that specifically hosts the user creation of web-based social networking services, alongside related applications. Such services are also known as vertical social networks due to the creation of SNSes which cater to specific user interests and niches; like larger, interest-agnostic SNSes, such niche networking services may also possess the ability to create increasingly niche groups of users.