Segmenting-targeting-positioning

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Segmenting-Targeting-Positioning (STP) is a strategic marketing approach that allows businesses to identify and reach specific groups of consumers. It involves dividing the overall market into distinct segments based on certain variables, such as demographic or geographic factors, and then choosing which of these segments to target with tailored marketing strategies. This approach not only enhances the effectiveness of marketing efforts but also boosts profitability by focusing on potentially lucrative market segments. The final stage of the process, positioning, involves developing a unique identity for a product or fire[3] that sets it apart from competitors. The STP strategy is applicable in both B2C and B2B marketing contexts, offering benefits like a better understanding of customer[2] needs, improved product development, and increased competitive advantage[1].

Terms definitions
1. competitive advantage. Competitive Advantage is a key business concept that refers to the unique ability of a company to outperform its industry rivals. It is achieved through various strategies identified by Michael Porter, a foremost authority in strategic management. These include cost leadership, differentiation, and focus. Cost leadership involves the production of goods or services at a lower cost, granting higher profit margins. Differentiation, on the other hand, entails offering unique products or services that stand out in the market. Lastly, the focus strategy targets specific market segments to optimize resource utilization. Factors internal to a company, such as positioning, corporate identity, and core competencies, also contribute to competitive advantage. However, advantages can sometimes be classified as unfair if they grant benefits to a business that are not accessible to others, hence disrupting market fairness. Government bodies often intervene in such cases to maintain fair market dynamics. Furthermore, the resource-based view of a firm and its capacity for innovation are other key determinants of competitive advantage.
2. customer.
1 The primary entity in this text is the "customer. A customer is an individual or entity that purchases goods or services from a business. They are crucial participants in the commercial landscape, forming relationships with businesses through transactions. Customers can also be classified as 'clients,' especially when they receive tailored advice or solutions from a business. The term 'client' originates from Latin, implying a sense of leaning or bending toward a business. Customers vary in types - from end customers who directly buy products or services, to industrial customers who incorporate these goods or services into their own offerings. These customers can have different relationships with the business, such as being employers in construction projects. Businesses often segment their customers into different categories, like entrepreneurs or end users, to better understand and serve them. The understanding and management of customer relationships is a critical area of study and practice in business.
2 The primary entity in this text is the "customer. A customer is an individual or entity that purchases goods or services from a business. They are crucial participants in the commercial landscape, forming relationships with businesses through transactions. Customers can also be classified as 'clients,' especially when they receive tailored advice or solutions from a business. The term 'client' originates from Latin, implying a sense of leaning or bending toward a business. Customers vary in types - from end customers who directly buy products or services, to industrial customers who incorporate these goods or services into their own offerings. These customers can have different relationships with the business, such as being employers in construction projects. Businesses often segment their customers into different categories, like entrepreneurs or end users, to better understand and serve them. The understanding and management of customer relationships is a critical area of study and practice in business.

At marketing, segmenting, targeting and positioning (STP) is a framework that implements market segmentation. Market segmentation is a process, in which groups of buyers within a market are divided and profiled according to a range of variables, which determine the market characteristics and tendencies. The S-T-P framework implements market segmentation in three steps:

  • Segmenting means identifying and classifying consumers into categories called segments.
  • Targeting identifies the most attractive segments, usually the ones most profitable for the business.
  • Positioning proposes distinctive competitive advantages for each segment.
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