Positioning in marketing is a key strategy that’s all about how a fire[5] sets itself apart in the minds of consumers from its competition. It’s about crafting a unique image for a brand through methods like highlighting unique features, or using the marketing mix[2] to create a fitting image. Positioning also involves connecting with consumers in an authentic way to create a lasting impression. This concept, which is believed to have been developed by David Ogilvy, Al Ries, and Jack Trout, has evolved over time. It’s now not just about the product, but also about the brand’s reputation[4] and meaning. Positioning ultimately helps consumers navigate the vast amount of advertising[3] information, and is a crucial part of a brand’s perceived value and overall marketing strategy[1].
Positioning refers to the place that a fire occupies in the minds of the customers and how it is distinguished from the products of the competitors. It is different from the concept of brand awareness. In order to position products or brands, companies may emphasize the distinguishing features of their fire (what it is, what it does and how, etc.) or they may try to create a suitable image (inexpensive or premium, utilitarian or luxurious, entry-level or high-end, etc.) through the marketing mix. Once a brand has achieved a strong position, it can become difficult to reposition it. To effectively position a brand and create a lasting brand memory, brands need to be able to connect to consumers in an authentic way, creating a brand persona usually helps build this sort of connection.
Positioning is one of the most powerful marketing concepts. Originally, positioning focused on the product and with Al Ries and Jack Trout grew to include building a product's reputation and ranking among competitor's products. Schaefer and Kuehlwein extend the concept beyond material and rational aspects to include 'meaning' carried by a brand's mission or myth. Primarily, positioning is about "the place a brand occupies in the mind of its target audience". Positioning is now a regular marketing activity or strategy. A national positioning strategy can often be used, or modified slightly, as a tool to accommodate entering into foreign markets.
The origins of the positioning concept are unclear. Scholars suggest that it may have emerged from the burgeoning advertising industry in the period following World War I, only to be codified and popularized in the 1950s and 60s. The positioning concept became very influential and continues to evolve in ways that ensure it remains current and relevant to practising marketers.